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Article published 31/07/2025

Festival season is underway bringing artists, performers, and audiences from across the world into the heart of Scotland’s capital.

As the city buzzes with performance, debate, and celebration, we caught up with Lori Anderson, Director of Festivals Edinburgh. She has been in the role since October 2024.

We found out more about how the organisation supports and promotes the collective interests of the city’s eleven major year-round festivals.

We also heard about the role the festivals play in promoting Scotland on the world stage. 

Find out more about Festivals Edinburgh on edinburghfestivalcity.com

Portrait photo of Lori AndersonLori Anderson, Director of Festivals Edinburgh. © Ian Ellis

Can you tell us about your background and what inspired you to take on the role?

I’ve worked in Scotland’s culture and heritage sectors for over 20 years, frequently in roles which support, connect, and foster collaboration across the cultural landscape.

My experience spans roles from funder to fundraiser, including leading a major capital redevelopment project for an arts venue in Edinburgh.

My first real engagement with festivals, apart from a stint working at a venue bar at the Fringe when a student, came through a strategic role with Scotland + Venice at the Venice Biennale.

Most recently, I was Director of Culture Counts, an advocacy organisation that represents major cultural institutions and sector bodies.

In that role, I led the campaign, alongside partners like Festivals Edinburgh, that secured the additional £100 million in Scottish Government investment for culture.

I’ve always loved Edinburgh’s festivals, so when the Director role of Festivals Edinburgh came up, it felt like a natural next step. What drew me most was the collaborative nature of the role.

Working across festivals and partners toward a shared vision very much aligns with my values and experience.

Having long admired the teams and leadership behind the festivals, I’m excited to help amplify their collective voice and support their continued success.

Aerial view of the Royal Mile during the Edinburgh festivalsThe Royal Mile during the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. © VisitScotland/Kenny Lam

Can you tell us about your key focus areas since joining the organisation?

Festivals Edinburgh exists to support and promote the collective interests of the city’s 11 major year-round festivals.

Its core purpose is to coordinate efforts of, advocate on behalf of, and amplify the impact of Edinburgh’s globally renowned festivals.

Since joining the organisation, my priority has been to strengthen collaboration across the festivals.

Over the past year, I’ve had the privilege of working closely with their dedicated teams, gaining a deeper understanding of the full annual cycle. While I’ve yet to experience August in this role, I’m excited for the month ahead.

A key focus has been to identify both the challenges that face the festivals and the opportunities that can help them not only survive but thrive.

This includes addressing financial pressures, policy and regulation concerns, and the broader cultural and societal shifts affecting them.

The former is a new initiative that brings together festivals across the country to tackle shared challenges and explore collaborative solutions.

As Edinburgh’s festivals are a key part of the Scottish event ecosystem, it will be a useful forum to exchange ideas and develop the sector.

All of this work is grounded in a shared commitment to collaboration, creativity, and cultural impact, ensuring Edinburgh’s festivals remain relevant, resilient, and world-leading in a rapidly changing environment.

Performance at night in front of an historic buildingEdinburgh International Festival opening event 2024. © VisitScotland/Kenny Lam

What role do you believe Edinburgh’s festivals play in promoting Scotland on the global world stage and in Scotland’s own cultural, social, and economic life?

Edinburgh’s festivals are Scotland’s world-leading cultural brands. Collectively, they have an economic impact of £407million and attract audiences of nearly four million, putting them on a par with the FIFA World Cup and second only to the Olympic Games.

As such, our festivals sit as signature events within Scotland’s national events strategy.

They offer an unrivalled international platform and springboard for Scottish artists and companies, represent a major attraction, and influence for those choosing to live, work, visit, and invest in Scotland.

The Edinburgh Festivals also make a major contribution to the quality of life of the people of the city region and of Scotland as a whole.

They invest in the growth and development of individuals and communities, through the rich, diverse, and highly accessible nature of the work they present.

Through their active commitment to participation, they extend the impacts of their programmes with important education and community initiatives.

Our festivals represent great national moments of celebration and cohesion, where a strong, confident Scotland proudly and generously welcomes the world to relish and to contribute to its creative force.

The force of the festivals also extends beyond creativity to other essential territories for Scotland.

They lead their own sector and fuel collaboration across many others; from collaborative working to international marketing, from innovation in new technology to environmental good practice, from new approaches in funding to cultural diplomacy programmes and soft power.

All in all, the festivals are cultural showcases, economic powerhouses, forums for international debate, drivers of ambition, and creators of cohesion.

They represent Scotland at its most confident, its most open, and its most creative. They are distinctively Scottish and profoundly international. They help define the country’s cultural identity on the global stage as a creative, contemporary, outward-looking nation.

Person carrying out an experiment at a science festivalEdinburgh International Science Festival. © Edinburgh Science/Chris Scott

How do you see the festivals evolving in the future?

The Edinburgh Festivals have endured for nearly 80 years, because they continually evolve in response to the world around them. They reflect the society of the time, offering insight into who we are and the state of the world.

In recent years, the sector has faced significant challenges, from Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic to prolonged funding stagnation and rising costs.

While recent funding settlements offer some stability, the financial landscape remains fragile. Operating in Edinburgh is more expensive than ever. Globally, we’re also navigating increasing polarisation and uncertainty.

Despite being recognised as world-leading cultural events, the festivals now operate in a fundamentally changed environment. Artists and audiences alike have new expectations.

Audiences are more conscious of the impact of their choices and seek more personalised, meaningful experiences; something the diversity of the festivals is well placed to offer.

The rapid rise of AI presents both opportunities and risks. While it may improve operational efficiency, it also raises concerns around creative content and intellectual property. Staying ahead of these developments is essential.

As we approach the 80th anniversary of Edinburgh as a festival city in 2027, we aim to re-energise our collaborative model, positioning the festivals as innovation laboratories for the wider cultural sector, just as they have always been; spaces for experimentation, new thinking, and creative leadership.

Person reading a book in from of a large sculpture of a bookEdinburgh International Book Festival. © VisitScotland/Kenny Lam

With the Festival Season now with us, what do you have planned for the next month?

This will be my first August in this new role and I am really excited for it.

Whilst I would love to spend my time fully emersed in all the shows, events, and exhibitions that the six festivals put on in August, my time is mainly mapped out in making the most of the opportunity that the festivals offer as a platform and showcase for Scotland’s cultural activity.

Most visitors and performers are not generally aware of just how many national and international delegates and officials come to Edinburgh to not only to experience the brilliant creativity on show, but also to learn how the city and Scotland puts on this awe-inspiring event.

We host lots of visits, meetings, provide tours, and networking events throughout the month and there is increasing demand for this year-round.

A large amount of my time will be spent working on Momentum, the international delegate programme that Festivals Edinburgh delivers with Creative Scotland and the British Council.

Find out more about Momentum on edinburghfestivalcity.com.

Hosted throughout August, this year we have 27 delegates who are either creative practitioners or cultural managers, from six country delegations.

The programme aims, and has had great success in, building international relationships and cultivating mutual opportunities between Scotland and other countries.

It frequently leads to artistic exchange, touring opportunities, and collaboration.

As this is my first year in this role, I do want to see as much as I can across the six festivals, as each one is very different and have fantastic programmes this year.

I always enjoy a combination of booking shows and events in advance that I am excited to see or that have been recommended as well as more pot luck approach, trying things out that are happening nearby, when I have a spare moment.

That way, you can find some real gems and exciting moments. I am also especially keen to get out and see some of the events that happen across all the far-flung corners of the city.

It is always fun to go off the beaten track and discover new venues alongside different audiences.

Event taking place in front of a castle at nightRoyal Edinburgh Military Tattoo. © VisitScotland/Kenny Lam

There’s a strong focus on sustainability across your own work, and that of the festivals themselves – can you tell us a little bit more about that?

The Edinburgh Festivals have always been committed to reducing our environmental impacts.

In 2011, we were one of the co-founders of Creative Carbon Scotland, now Culture for Climate Scotland, and then the Green Arts Initiative, which now has over 300 members nationwide.

The festivals work together through a working group that shares knowledge and best practice.

We collectively produced a climate reduction route map with plans for how the festivals will respond to the climate emergency and help Edinburgh achieve its goal of reducing carbon emissions to net zero by 2030.

We also recognise that we can influence behaviour by talking openly about our progress and continually examining our work and where we can do better.

We have recently produced a publication of case studies, sharing lessons for other event producers, and written a guide for 2025 with tips for visitors on how to make the city greener during August, and of course through programming the festivals are an ideal platform to raise awareness.

Browse sustainable case studies on edinburghfestivalcity.com.

Find out how to make Edinburgh a greener festival city on edinburghfestivalcity.com.

Many of the artists, who are at the heart of the festivals, are very concerned with climate change and often focus on it in their work and practice. They play an important role in highlighting these issues through the creative lens.

We have compiled a list of 20 shows that share the themes of the environment, climate change, climate anxiety, and much more.

Browse a list of environment shows on edinburghfestivalcity.com.

From hopeful, immersive, and experimental plays and imagined science fiction futures to insightful book talks by recently published authors, there is something for everyone across the:

  • Edinburgh International Festival
  • Edinburgh Festival Fringe
  • Edinburgh Art Festival
  • Edinburgh International Book Festival
  • Edinburgh International Film Festival
  • The Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo

Children in coloured robes on a hillPhotoshoot on Calton Hill for the Edinburgh International Children's Festival. © Edinburgh International Children's Festival

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